Rc, rl and rlc circuits 2 procedure to learn how to operate the oscilloscope and function generator, set the function generator for square wave output and connect the generator to the vertical input of the oscilloscope. Solution to example 3 when t rl circuits page 2 experiment 2, the rc integrator in time. Adjust the oscilloscope to obtain each of the patterns shown in figure 3. These types of circuits are also called as rc filters or rc networks since they are most commonly used in filtering applications. Measure the time constant of an rc and an rl circuit, compare to the theoretical calculations. Theory overview the dc steady state response of rl and rc circuits are essential opposite of each other. Experiment 6 rl circuits have little phase shift, close to 0 degrees. Since the value of frequency and inductor are known, so firstly calculate the value of. This process can be represented mathematically by the following equations. The transient behavior of rc circuits is also tested. Capacitors a capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field. Circuit model of a discharging rl circuit consider the following circuit model.
Rc transient circuits for practical purposes, the circuit is considered fully charged or discharged after 5 time constants. The student will measure the circuit current, the voltages across the resistor and the. When we apply an ac voltage to a series rl circuit as shown below, the circuit behaves in some ways the same as the series rc circuit, and in some ways as a sort of mirror image. Chapter 7 response of firstorder rl and rc circuits.
The inductor is based on the principle of inductance that moving charges create a magnetic eld the reverse is also true a moving magnetic eld creates an electric eld. In this lab we will continue our investigation of dc circuits, now including, along with. This lab is concerned with the characteristics of inductors and circuits consisting of a resistor and an inductor in series rlcircuits. First, the generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption of electric energy occur under essentially sinusoidal steadystate conditions. This is because the impedance angle is based on the ratio between the branch currents. V rc, rl and rlc circuits v university of michigan. Rc and rl circuits page 2 experiment 2, the rc integrator in time. If a parameter of a circuit is varied for example the value of a resistor changes, only print the circuit once for its initial parameters. Summarizing, the natural response of an rl circuit is calculated by 1. Most of these settings are probably already preset. Rc circuits and the oscilloscope mercer university.
V in can undergo a step change from zero to v in or from v in to zero procedure. Ac circuits rlc circuit introduction an inductor l is an important component of circuits, on the same level as resistors r and capacitors c. Rc, rl and rlc circuit basic principle and circuit. This is an explanation of how to connect the circuit of the eighth labs experiment in physics lab 2.
In addition, print out the inputoutput waveforms for part 4 and part 5. In the other circuit, there is no voltage source and the capacitor is initially charged to v0. With the battery removed, we can now rewrite equation 6 to get. In general, the complex impedance is defined as follows. How to change the performance of electronic circuits by changing component values within the circuit. The voltage through an rlc series circuit will be measured as a function of frequency for a fixed applied voltage. Objective the objective of this experiment is to examine the dynamic behavior of an lr circuit by using an oscilloscope to visualize the voltage across the resistor for both rising and. If the alternating voltage applied across the circuit is given by the equation. To experimentally determine the resonance frequency in a series rlc circuit and compare this to the expected resonance value. The primary focus will be on the response of an rl circuit to a step voltage and a voltage square wave. Introduction this laboratory is about verifying the transient behavior of rc and rl circuits.
Theory overview the dc steady state response of rl and rc circuits are essential opposite of each. Circuits laboratory experiment 3 ac circuit analysis 3. Experiment 6 rl circuits unlike series rl circuits, the impedance angle in parallel rl circuits is not solved in a straightforward manner. Practical capacitor values usually lie in the picofarad 1. An rc circuit can be used to make some crude filters like lowpass, highpass and bandpass filters. Presumably, you know the resistance of the resistor you are using. To explore the time dependent behavior of rc and rl circuits. The rc circuit resistor capacitor circuit will consist of a capacitor and a resistor connected either in series or parallel to a voltage or current source. However, if r ohms is very low and x l is a much larger number, then the phase angle resembles a. Objective in this exercise, the dc steady state response of simple rl and rc circuits is examined.
Rlc series circuit introduction the objective of this experiment is to study the behavior of an rlc series circuit subject to an ac input voltage. The three basic linear circuit elements are the resistor, the capacitor, and the inductor. The schematic for every circuit needs to be printed out. To understand how to measure the time constant of such circuits. Circuits laboratory experiment 3 ac circuit analysis. You need to revise the natural and step response of rc and rl circuits you have covered in lectures. However, a parallel rl circuit can still be characterized as resistive or inductive. To explore the time dependent behavior of rc and rl circuits prelab reading introduction when a battery is connected to a circuit consisting of wires and other circuit elements. For example, current is still the same everywhere in this series circuit. For t 0, the inductor current decreases and the energy is dissipated via r.
The charging and discharging rc circuits in both cases, the switch has been open for a long time, and then we ip it at time t 0. In series rl circuit, the values of frequency f, voltage v, resistance r and inductance l are known and there is no instrument for directly measuring the value of inductive reactance and impedance. Discharge of a capacitor procedure y assemble the circuit shown in figure 5 function generator. In lecture you will learn that this circuit can be described by a differential equation for qt, the charge on the capacitor as a function of time. In rl series circuit the current lags the voltage by 90degree angle known as phase angle. Experiment 10 rlc series circuit resonance in an rlc series circuit objective. Physics lab 2 experiment 8 rl rc circuit psut motaz dababseh. Try changing the amplitude and repetition frequency of the generator and observe. Again it is easier to study an experimental circuit with the battery and switch replaced by a signal generator producing a square wave. Then, use the function generator to drive your series rl circuit with a sinusoidal wave form.