Abstract sustainable development is a prerequisite for longterm economic, ecological and social development at the global level. Developing eco tourism in kanas nature reserve not only provides new opportunities for the con. However, neoliberal paradigm does not address the issue of localglobal competition, and fails to. At the same time, there has been growing international concern that ecotourism should be genuinely communitybased. Ecotourism development strategy balurannational park in.
Martha honey is codirector of the center on ecotourism and sustainable development and editor of ecotourism and certification. This term is almost never used in urban tourism because it is about getting out into the natural world. Ecotourism planning and sustainable community development 73 essentially, it seems that there always remain possibilities of competition, politics and powerplay between and within local and foreign companies. Introduction it is almost impossible, with a title for a paper such as this, to avoid getting into a discussion on definitions, and debate about the merits and shortcomings of ecotourism as a tool for or component of sustainable development. Pdf ecotourism and sustainable development sainimere. It must be clear that the term sustainable tourism refers to making all types of tourism more sustainable. Considering that the commission on sustainable development, at its seventh session, held in april 1999, expressed interest in a global code of ethics for tourism and invited the world tourism organization to consider the participation of informed major groups in the development, implementation and monitoring of. Washington, dc, 2008, 551 pages ecotourism as a concept dates back to the 1970s, although it was only defined in 1990 by the international ecotourism society, which described ecotourism as, responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the wellbeing of local people. Ecotourism and sustainable development, second edition. However many sources suggest that most ecotourism efforts have focused towards advancing the economic. Ecotourism must account for social, economic and environmental implications, in order to succeed. Strategic objectives of sustainable development, ecological safety and social inclusion means incorporating a. In many cases, conventional tourism practices of the past have posed a major threat to marine. Ecotourism has the potential to support conservation efforts, public education, and sustainable development, but more systematic evaluation is needed to assess the costs and benefits of ecotourism.
In so doing, honey distinguishes ecotourism from other terms such as nature, adventure and wildlife tourism as the only type of tourism that explicitly incorporates both a commitment to enhancing the natural. Ecotourism and sustainable development, 2nd edition. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and sociocultural aspects of. Ecotourism, or at least a re vamped version of nature and wildlife tourism, is at the core of many 8 ecotourism and sustainable development third world. Ecotourism is receiving considerable attention from international and national conservation, development and tourism organisations, such as unep and the world tourism organisation. Ecotourism and sustainable development, 2 nd edition by honey, martha island press. Sustainable development based ecotourism by annalisa koeman advisor, iucn vietnam 1. Ecotourism and sustainable development, 2nd edition by.
Given that the approach merges conservation with sustainable development, ecotourism fits well within the context of unesco biosphere reserves br, which, since their first introduction in the early 1970s, raised the debate on the potential. These principles suggest proper care, planning and monitoring of ecotourism destinations. Development and cooperation community based ecotourism for sustainable tourism development in the mekong region tourism development efforts in 1992, with asian development banks adbs assistance, the six greater mekong subregion gms countries entered into a programme of subregional economic cooperation, designed to enhance economic. Sustainable tourism and ecotourism are not synonyms, many forms of ecotourism may not be sustainable, and if ecotourism is to contribute to sustainable development, then careful planning and. Responsible travel to natural and cultural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well being of local people. Sustainable tourism development guidelines and management practices are applicable to all forms of tourism and in all types of. Ecotourism and sustainable development in costa rica. Ecotourisms perceived potential as an effective tool for sustainable development is the main. For certain achievement of sustainable development, it is important that ecotourism must be a communitybased initiative where the community owns and manages the business enterprises. Guidelines for communitybased ecotourism development. Pdf ecotourism and its role in sustainable development. It is a derivative of general concept of sustainable development which attempts to make a low impact on the environment and local culture, while helping to generate income, employment and conservation of local ecosystems. Considering that the commission on sustainable development, at its seventh session, held in april 1999, expressed interest in a global code of ethics for tourism and invited the world tourism organization to consider the participation of informed major groups in the.
Industry initiatives for sustainable tourism problems decreased access to natural resources for the local communities and environmental degradation 4. Role of ecotourism in sustainable development 777 or help undo damage to the environment, and f ecotourists appreciate and respect local culture, traditions, etc. Ecotourism planning and sustainable community development in. Ecotourism, as an alternative tourism, involves visiting natural areas in order to learn, to study, or.
Pdf ecotourism and its role in sustainable development of nepal. The concept of ecotourism appeared to highlight the interaction between tourists and local population resources of the regions visited. Ecotourism is a subcomponent of the field of sustainable tourism. Sustainable development is not the only goal of ecotourism, but sustainable development is very important for achieving the goal of ecotourism. Ecological dimension socialcultural dimension economic dimension politicaladministrative dimension.
About costa rica costa rica which means rich cost is a country in south america bordered by nicaragua in north, panamma in south, caribbean sea in east and pacific ocean in west. Role of ecotourism in sustainable development intechopen. A much more balanced and integrated approach, founded on the guiding principles of sustainable development, is essential to maximize the benefits and minimize the negative impacts of ecotourism in costa rica. With billions of dollars in annual sales, ecotourism is a real industry that seeks to take advantage of market trends. Review of criteria, procedures and legal framework for ecotourism in europe. Ecotourism as a mechanism for sustainable development tourism is the fastestgrowing economic sector in the world, especially in developed countries. Pdf ecotourism helps in environmental protection, wildlife conservation, poverty allevia. Ecotourism can offer a viable combination of ecological and cultural protection, increase local awareness of the value of preserving the natural and cultural environments, and aid in economic development. Challenges and potentials of ecotourism as a form of. Pdf role of ecotourism in sustainable development semantic. An inquiry into theoretic ties with sustainable development 2omd0xqlwodn,ydqrylu 1 3hwdu0lwlu 2. The impact and policy recommendations for tourism development towards the sustainable ecotourism are suggested to the industry players as well as the policy makers. To assess local communities attitudes towards ecotourism and its ability to influence conservation and. Sustainable tourism and ecotourism geographycasestudy.
Ecotourism has the potential to support conservation efforts, public education, and sustainable development, but more systematic evaluation is needed to assess the. A major problem is the lack of a common understanding of what sustainable tourism or ecotourism means. Ecotourism is defined by the international ecotourism society ties as responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the wellbeing of the local people, and involves education. Read this article to learn about the concept, principles and strategies of sustainable tourism. Strategic objectives of sustainable development, ecological safety and social inclusion means incorporating a certain extent, ecotourism in national and. Ecotourism as a mechanism for sustainable development. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of usaid or the united states government. Sustainable tourism can produce the same profits as conventional tourism, but more of the profits stay with the local community, and the regions natural resources and culture can be protected.
A definition must clarify the descriptive and the prescriptive components of the ecotourism concept. Communitybased ecotourism management for sustainable. Ecotourisms perceived potential as an effective tool for sustainable development is the main reason why developing countries are now embracing it and including it in their economic development and conservation strategies. Ecotourism and sustainable development, 2nd edition by martha. In line with the concept of sustainable tourism, ecotourism is. The principal goal of the second edition of ecotourism and sustainable development is to reclaim the term and sharpen its usage. Principles of ecotourism nondestructive use protection and restoration of biodiversity promotion of environmentally sustainable development education and interpretation, awareness direct economic benefit for local people, alleviation of poverty health, wellbeing of stakeholders. Around the world, ecotourism has been hailed as a panacea.
Ecotourism and sustainable development is the most comprehensive overview of worldwide ecotourism available today, showing how both the concept and the reality have evolved over more than twentyfive years. A study on ecotourism and sustainable development of. At the same time, it frequently operates quite differently than other segments of the tourism industry, because ecotourism is defined by its sustainable development results. Ecotourism as a learning tool for sustainable development. For example, besides involving communities it also makes sure that people get paid fairly and work in safe conditions. It focuses primarily on experiencing and learning about nature, its landscape, flora, fauna and their habitats, as well as cultural artifacts from the locality. Abstract sustainable development is a prerequisite for longterm economic, ecological and social development at.
These dimensions can be categorized into a number of ways as seen in figure 4 below. Sustainable tourism development guidelines and management practices are applicable to. As a high level tourism pattern demonstrating the concept of sustainable development 14, eco tourisms core objective is to promote the coordination between natural resources protection and local economic develop ment 57. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic, and sociocultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and sociocultural aspects of tourism development. Review of literature the business of tourism has a number of dimensions.
Sustainable development in ecotourism tour operators managing the economic, social and environmental concerns of sustainable development in costa rica authors. Nevertheless, local people can only achieve optimum benefits of the proposed sustainable development if they become a fundamental part of the process. Some such measures include prevention of damage to environmental resources, acting as a force for conservation, development and implementation of sound environmental policies in all. Karl johan bonnedahl student umea school of business and economics spring semester 20 degree project, 30 hp. Definition of ecotourism in 1991the ecotourism society board of directors defined ecotourism as.
Previously she worked as a freelance journalist in latin america and africa for the washington post, the new york times, the associated press, abctv, and the bbc. This growth can be attributed to changing lifestyles in af. This diversity of views on sustainable tourism and the complexity of the concept has led. Sustainable tourism has a wider focus and covers more aspects of the business than ecotourism. Ecotourism sustainable tourism related activities that mainly occur in close proximity to nature. Tourism is not, as many people assert, a clean and nonpolluting industry. Sustainable tourism development guidelines and management practices are applicable to all forms of tourism in all types of destinations, including mass tourism and the various niche tourism segments. What is the difference between ecotourism and sustainable. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic, and sociocultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between these three dimensions to. Ecotourism initiatives encouraging development compatible with nature conservation are gaining ground across europe nepal, 2002.
Previous research considered relevant to this study include is the research of ecotourism, sustainable development, andconservation education and training. Ecotourism planning and sustainable community development. She has received numerous awards for her investigative. The main focus here lies on wildlife conservation and preservation. To assess local communities attitudes towards ecotourism and its ability to influence conservation and sustainable development on the island. To obtain an understanding of the current state of ecotourism on zapatera island. Ecotourism, forest villagers, sustainable rural development. A much more balanced and integrated approach, founded on the guiding principles of sustainable development, is essential to maximize the benefits and minimize. Here honey revisits six nations she profiled in the first editionthe galapagos islands, costa rica, tanzania, zanzibar, kenya, and south.